In recent years, the demand for ox gallstones in Hong Kong has surged dramatically, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The import value of these gallstones reached HK$1.7 billion (approximately US$218 million) in 2023, nearly tripling the value recorded in 2019. A recent report from the United States indicated a staggering 66% increase in demand from the previous year, highlighting a growing trend in the use of ox gallstones in traditional medicine [90a35e56].
Ox gallstones are a key ingredient in 'Peaceful Palace Bovine Bezoar' pills, which are utilized for treating high fever and strokes. The rarity of these gallstones adds to their value; the probability of finding a gallstone in a bovine gallbladder is estimated to be about one in 500 to 1,000. This scarcity has driven prices to remarkable heights, with costs reaching up to US$230 per gram, surpassing the price of gold, which is currently over US$80 per gram [90a35e56].
Brazil is the primary supplier of ox gallstones, accounting for approximately 70% of the imports to Hong Kong. The rising demand has not only led to increased prices but has also sparked concerns over trafficking. Recently, two siblings in Uruguay were sentenced for trafficking over US$3 million worth of gallstones, underscoring the illicit trade that has developed around this valuable commodity [90a35e56].
As the trend continues, the implications for both healthcare practices and trade regulations in Hong Kong are significant. The increasing reliance on ox gallstones in traditional medicine reflects a broader shift in consumer behavior towards alternative health solutions, particularly in the wake of the pandemic [90a35e56].