On August 6, 2024, China launched the first 18 satellites of the Qianfan mega constellation using a Long March 6A rocket. This constellation is set to expand to nearly 14,000 satellites, aiming to provide internet services and compete directly with SpaceX's Starlink, which currently operates over 6,000 satellites [2a376ed0]. However, astronomers are raising significant concerns regarding the brightness of these satellites, which range from magnitude 8 to magnitude 4. This level of brightness is alarming as it exceeds the magnitude 6 threshold visible to the naked eye and the magnitude 7 recommended by astronomers to minimize interference with astronomical observations [b0e73d10].
A study posted on arXiv on September 30, 2024, highlighted the lack of light-mitigating features in the Qianfan satellites, contrasting them with similar Western systems like Starlink, which have implemented measures to reduce their visibility [b0e73d10]. The International Astronautical Union's Centre for the Protection of Dark and Quiet Skies from Satellite Constellation Interference (CPS) has voiced concerns about the potential negative impact these satellites could have on astronomical activities, emphasizing the need for a balance between technological advancements and the preservation of dark skies for scientific research [b0e73d10].
In a related development, on September 28, 2024, China successfully launched its first reusable satellite, Shijian-19, designed for space mutagenesis experiments on seeds. This mission, notable for its international collaboration with payloads from five countries, underscores China's commitment to advancing space technology while fostering global partnerships [7bead220]. The contrasting narratives of innovation and environmental impact in space highlight the complexities of modern space exploration and its implications for both scientific inquiry and technological progress [7bead220].