Japan has been actively working to strengthen its relations with the Pacific Island countries (PICs) through bilateral and regional approaches. The Pacific Island Leaders Meeting (PALM) has served as a key platform for policy dialogue in the region. The history of PALM can be divided into three periods: PALM1 (1997) to PALM3 (2003), PALM4 (2006) to PALM6 (2012), and PALM7 (2015) to PALM9 (2021). The upcoming PALM10 will mark the first face-to-face meeting of PIC leaders in Japan since 2018. The meeting will focus on cooperation to uphold the rule of law and promote objective, science-based information sharing regarding Japan's ALPS-treated water discharge plan. PALM10 presents a crucial opportunity for Japan to strengthen its bond with the PICs and establish a partnership to address national, regional, and global challenges together [1b19a9c0].